A Pap smear, also known as a Pap test, is a crucial screening procedure used to detect abnormal cells in the cervix that could lead to cervical cancer. During the test, a healthcare provider gently collects cells from the cervix, which are then examined under a microscope for any signs of precancerous changes or human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, a major risk factor for cervical cancer.

Regular Pap smears are recommended for women as part of their routine health care, typically starting in their early 20s and continuing until the age of 65, depending on individual risk factors. Early detection through Pap smears allows for timely intervention, significantly reducing the risk of cervical cancer and promoting long-term reproductive health.